The bend deduction, sometimes called the bend compensation, describes how much the outside of the sheet has been stretched. com K factor depends on material, thickness and machine. stainless steel 316 (for mv-bs) stainless steel 316l-blow-off cap elastomer elastomer elastomer elastomer note: equivalent specification is indicative only. I have tried it today and it doesn't seem to give exactly the result I was expecting. 6. 3-0. 27 *10 /K 17. Specific Heat Capacity of Metals Table Chart . Base part number is shown. 3. At this level, chromium reacts5. The nozzle is available in brass, stainless steel 316 and aluminium bronze construction. Silver Fern Stainless is a Victoria-based business specializing in the highest quality stainless steel and aluminum. . 4 - 10 Rotary Meter (Star or Cog. Bumax 88 Stainless Steel 316L stainless steel with a high molybdenum content offering corrosion resistance similar to 316 stainless steel. 0 μm level mostly of Fe 3 O 4 with some of α-Fe 2 O 3, which means. Bending Allowance = A*π/180* (R+K*T) BA – Bend Allowance. . You will need to obtain the friction factor (f) from the Moody chart or use a suitable equation depending on the flow conditions. As a leader in price assessments, CRU releases monthly prices for chrome. Dry Torque) Partially Lubricated Bolts; Properly Lubricated Bolts; But before we talk about these items, or get to our torque chart, it is imperative you understand the working definition of K-Factor (or “Nut Factor”). ASME. Editor: J. 2 W/m·K at 100 °C (9. Enter the area of contact, A = 1. It contains 11% chromium which is the minimum amount for the formation of the passive surface film which gives stainless steels their corrosion resistance. 8 mm mild steel sheet with a 0. 2% to 2. To determine allowable working pressure at elevated temperatures, multiply allowable working pressures from Tables 2 throughBend Allowance Chart K factor 0. 0. The capacity factor is determined through experience and for each application it is influenced by the type and style of mist eliminator, the relative geometry of mist eliminator to vapor flow, as well as process considerations such as operating pressure, fluid viscosities and liquid surface tension. Our bend radius rule of thumb is the minimum radius = material thickness. 7 6061-T6 Aluminum 1/2" between 60-65 41. 0015 : 0. Due to the addition of Molybdenum (Mo), SS 316 has a great improvement in corrosion resistance and certain properties compared to SS304. [Stainless steel 735 ] 25. 1) K 8. General Properties. Manufacturer: Viking. 304 Stainless Steel 7/16” 74. 0 Nominal K Factor S. Water - Thermal Conductivity vs. Compute the friction factor of a circular pipe based on Churchill's equation with this online calculator. M 12, with starting torque Ma = 62Nm and heat treatment at 540°C 1,004°F), 21hr, bolt material: no. 8 Steel Plain Finish 0. 88. For plate under 2mm, K-factor is 0. Bulletin 038. F f = frictional force (N, lb). The diagram below indicates friction loss for water flow through ASME/ANSI B36. 84. 33 K factor 0. T = K×F×D. 16. 304 Stainless SteelThe bending angle is 90°, the sheet thickness is 5 mm and the inside radius is 6 mm. a. Insert the convective heat transfer coefficient for inner surface, h i = 10 W/m 2 ⋅ K. The calculations referenced in Paragraph 304. 4307, 1. These market insights include five-year forecasts of production, consumption, and prices. I founded this site back in 2011 intending to provide solutions to various engineering and programming problems. k = 0. 062 in. 75. ) who originally posited it as = where represents the applied true stress on the material, is the. Base part number is shown. Or the inside radius of the dimple plus 3 times material thickness. 0 mm), SUS445 (t = 0. ) Tightening Torque Clamp Load (lbs. Note: Don’t confuse K-Factor with low coefficient of friction, which is not used for this calculation. An analysis of harmonic loads and a calculation of the K Factor. Finishes Sprinkler: Stainless Steel Escutcheon: White Coated, Chrome Plated, Brass Plated, Stainless Steel, Black Coated, or White Coated Stainless Steel Physical Characteristics Frame. R. where T is the torque measurement, K is the nut factor, F is the tension and D is the bolt diameter. The heat transfer coefficient is the proportionality coefficient between the heat flux and the thermodynamic driving force for the flow of heat (i. SOLIDWORKS defaults to calculating the flat pattern using the K-Factor. If a K-factor is 0. I. psi (MPa)psi(MPa) % 65,000 448 125,000 862 50 200 Brinell SANDMEYER STEEL COMPANY ONE SANDMEYER LANE • PHILADELPHIA, PA 19116-3598Most values for temperature 25 oC (77 oF). 16. 04. Thermal conductivities of common metals, metallic elements aand alloys. 14 0. Circular Ring - Temperature Expansion Calculate ring (or pipe) diameter expansion or contraction when temperature changes. For copper-woundalloy steel fasteners. 6,and 8. The K-factor is the ratio between the the neutral axis to the thickness of the material. Multiply the volume with density to get the 12 mm steel weight:300 K vacuum vessels but care must be taken that breaks. Grade 301 Temper ASTM. N = normal force between the surfaces (N, lb) There are at least two types of friction forcesUses. At exactly the same torque level of 24 foot pounds, variations between 4500 pounds and 6700 pounds are experienced. Horizontal Sidewall. 4(28) for iron pipe or equivalent rigid pipe, in Table 402. Rake Angle: 9° -11°. Deflector. Ferritic Stainless Steel (T430) 0. 2% carbon and other alloying elements. American Society for Metals ASM International ASM World Headquarters 9639. Specifically, the k-factor value is the neutral axis’ new position after bending, marked “t” in Figure 1, divided by the material thickness (k-factor = t/Mt). Contains molybdenum which increases corrosion resistance to chlorides and phosphates. 45T; Expanded size of pressed steps: L = A + B – 0. The conductive heat transport through the layered wall can be calculated asGage Factor 2. In this. Sheet Metal Bend Deduction Chart (PDF) Sheet Metal Bend Deduction Chart (Excel) BEND DEDUCTION; 8 Gauge: 10 Gauge: 12 Gauge: 14 Gauge: 16 Gauge: 18 Gauge: 20 Gauge: 22 Gauge: 24 Gauge: K factor: 0. 0) Bulb: 3mm quick response / RTI < 50. Product code: ISBN: 978-0-87170-503-7. Hazen-Williams Coefficient. Next we use the pull-down menu to select the appropriate table. Importance of the K-factor in sheet metal design. While the sheet metal’s inner surface contracts, the exterior expands. The above Table is applicable only for ASTM A320 Grade B8, Class 2 and A193 Grade B8, Class 2 Stud Bolts. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. 5% chromium. The K-factor is the ratio of the neutral axis to material thickness (as shown in the equation below). 36 N in air, wear surfaces are covered by oxide films and fine and thin wear particles of 0. 1 ~ 1. Stainless Steel: ASME 150#-2500# Flanges-100°C upto 232°C: Degreased / Cleaned: N/A: Red, Blue, Green: ASTM A453 Grade 660 Class B: 232°C upto 325°C: Ceramic Xylar-2: 25µm ±5µm:. F1XLH and F1FRXLH Series Standard Spray Sprinklers. 83 @ 1000ºF. If your bend radius needs to be adjusted, a member of Engineering & Design Services team will contact you before your design is. We bend lots of stainless, which in terms of hardness, is. Under the relatively light load of 0. The K-factor is used to calculate flat patterns because it is related to how much material is stretched during bending. in feet of straight pipe). Concrete (Dry) Rubber. The reason being that it takes the wear rate, the applied load, and the hardness of the wear pin into account. (7-8 mm) thick material Austenitic Material (T304) 0. If you were to re-use PTFE coated studs, the corrosion-resistant coating on the threads will most likely. 125 and a K-factor of . Roughness (mm) Drawn Tubing, Glass, Plastic. 079 0. Overall heat transfer coefficient (k) is a measure of the resistance to heat flow, made up of the resistances caused by the plate material, amount of foul-ing, nature of the fluids and type of exchanger used. The span in the values may be caused by the variation in the materials themselves - or by the variation in the sources used. Next we simply need to choose the specified gauge of 10. Biot number Boltzmann factor Boyle's law. The coefficient k is measured in watts per meter Kelvin (or degree) (W/mK). 316L is a standard material for numerous applications in process, energy, paper, transportation and. 063 0. g. Select an item in Units to set the unit of measurement. 16. 6 (80), 8. Step-2: Enter K factor values. Portuguese / português. It is mainly used for its excellent corrosion and temperature resistance and is especially valued for applications in the marine and chemical processing industries. Calculate the effective length as: Leff = K × L. 10. Ideal to use in areas with high exposer to. PENDENT APPROVALS/LISTINGS SIN V2801 V4201 V2708 V3406 Nominal K Factor Imperial 2. The friction loss in feet of head per 100 feet of Steel pipes Schedule 40, Copper pipes Type L and thermoplastic PVC pipes Schedule 40 are compared below. 8 (242 metric*) nominal K-Factor and special deflector, this sprinkler produces large, high-momentum water droplets in a hemispheric pattern below the deflector. When pressure is measured in kPa, divide the metric K-factor shown by 10. 115 0. For steel members, a slenderness ratio below 50 can be considered “short”. 0. factor in service. 2 in. For TMT steel bars, it is 7850 kg/m3. 1 A36 Steel 3/8” less than 60 53. Generally, when design the sheet metal parts, the min inner R=thickness/2, if less than that, the grooving (V-cutting) will be required to solve the. Carbon steel and stainless steel Y strainers are offered in sizes for 1/4" to 10" in pipelines FEATUrES • Heavy Duty Construction • Compact Design • Bolted or Threaded Covers • Standard Stainless Steel Screens OPTIONS • Perforated Stainless Steel Screens - 1/32" to 1/2" • 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 150, 200, 325 and 400 Mesh Stainless. 072-in. 35 "dry" The torque values can only be achieved if nut (or tapped hole) has a proof load greater than or equal to the bolt's minimum ultimate tensile strength. E. However, studies have found that wear coefficient is more suitable. , in. Knowing the k-factor formula is essential in order to bend any kind of sheet metal correctly; in fact, it varies according to the type of material to be deformed. 0. The friction coefficient value changes not only with material but also with the position and. The K-factor and the Y-factor assess the sheet metal's response to bending and the degree to which it can be bent. A material with an emissivity value. 00 Energy Electricity Country Canada kWh 10%0. Effect of low-temperature on mechanical behavior for an AISI 304 austenitic stainless steel. The inside radii are based off of a standard Air Bend Force Chart. Note: TYCO series TY-L 8. 33 K factor 0. f = Friction Factor. 1 in (inch) = 25. In heat transfer analysis, thermal diffusivity is the thermal conductivity divided by density and specific heat capacity at constant pressure. Can I re-use PTFE coated studs? You shouldn’t. You can easily modify the Material Thickness, Inside Radius and K-Factor for each thickness at the top of each column. The Math /. The table at. Churchill Friction Factor Formulae and. 5% Ni, and also known as 18-8 stainless steel. Y factor considers the internal stress. 304 stainless steel: 2–3°. Its composition offers reliable protection against seizure and heat-freeze,. 15 - Carbon Steel Alloy @ 60,000 PSI Contact Stress; Certifications. 33 K factor 0. Stainless steel roof: • S30400 stainless steel • Measuring: 280 × 96m • Sheathed with 23,000m2 of 0. This name refers to the average composition, 18% chromium and 8% nickel. At exactly the same torque level of 24 foot pounds, variations between 4500 pounds and 6700 pounds are experienced. factor that measures the severity of an existing crack in a material in terms of its size, the applied stress and the overall geometry. AISI 304 and 316 are the most common grades in this series. To understand how the nut factor compares to the terms in the long-form equations, let’s consider the so-called Motosh equation: × [ (P/2 ) + (μ/cos ) + (μ = input torque, = fastener preload. 15 K = 0. Tensile specimens were machined from these AM bulk materials for three different inclinations: 0 ° , 45 ° , and 90 ° relative to the build plate. Bend allowance chart for SECC (galvanized steel sheet). 33 K factor 0. Engineering Materials. 6 8-32 Stainless Steel Fasteners Material Length of Thread Engagement (in) Experimental Torque Applied (in-lb) Calculated Torque From Tables (in-lb) 304 Stainless Steel 7/16” between 57-60 77. 6) Technical Data Sheet. With this equation, if you know K, F and D, you can multiply them to get the torque needed to tighten the bolt so that it has the right amount of tension. This is your X if you are doing testing, D = nominal diameter (bolt diameter) of the fastener (in. This means that the neutral axis cannot migrate past the midpoint of the material (i. By definition, “stainless” steel must contain at least 10. Fanning Friction Factor. For high-strength, low-alloy, and stainless steels, 1,800 pounds of pressure per lineal inch should be used. Thermal Expansion of Steel. Hot Working. As a general rule of thumb, one can associate the following k-factors with the following: k-factor of 7: Aluminum; k-factor of 5: Steel; k-factor of 3: Welds; SN-Curve adjustments due to Mean Stress. 1 11. To calculate K-factor: Enter the material thickness, T = 1 mm. Coefficients for some common materials used in ducts and pipes are indicated below: Fluid Flow Friction Loss - Hazen-Williams Coefficients vs. We specialize in the highest quality commercial and residential stainless steel and aluminum fabrication and repair. Sustainable building with Stainless steel - The David L. The only study available in the literature for the SCFs of SST joints is by Feng and Young [9], who examined the SCFs of stainless steel SHS and rectangular hollow section (RHS) tubular X-joints. 1 very often which confuses me. The below Microsoft Excel chart is for even numbered gauges 8 through 24 and has a default K-Factor of . Look up the steel's density. Can someone explain how to properly setup and use a k-factor based bend table. F1FR80VdS Series Quick-Response Sprinkler. Common values for metals and alloys are in the range of 10 to 30×10 –6 /K (5. 1 For K-Factor when pressure is measured in bar, multiply S. The following table shows JIS SS400 material properties, including density and specific gravity, melting point, specific heat capacity, electrical resistivity, elastic modulus, thermal conductivity, linear expansion coefficient, Young’s modulus, magnetic permeability, etc. Both fasteners are stainless steel. i use inventor and have now got astoundingly accurate components to these k factors. 75 degrees of springback. The tables below can be used to estimate friction loss or pressure drop for water flowing through ASME/ANSI B36. 65% max), silicon (0. Note 1: The bend radius you select may not be available if the geometry of the part will not allow us to bend with the specific tooling required to achieve that radius. ANTI-SEIZE Stainless does not contain copper and exhibits extremely low sulphur and chlorine. The below Excel chart is for even-numbered material gauges 8 through 22 and has a default K-Factor of . A slenderness ratio greater than. The following are Typical C factors used in the Hazen. Δ p minor_loss = ξ ρ f v 2 / 2 (1) . Bend Deduction Chart K factor 0. 10/19 schedule 40 steel pipes. Working Pressure: 175 psi (12 bar) Material Specifications Fusible Link: Beryllium Nickel Sprinkler Body: Brass Alloy Levers: Bronze Alloy Yoke: Brass Alloy Sealing washer: Nickel with PTFE Load Screw: Bronze Alloy Towers: Copper Alloy Pins: Stainless Steel Deflector: Stainless Steel Cup: Steel. This data sheet. Copper and brass: 0–0. Thermal insulance has the units [ (m 2 . 3572×10-3 m3. Thermal conductivity coefficients for insulation materials, aluminum, asphalt, brass, copper, steel, gases and more. It has been proven. The 316 family is a group of austenitic stainless steels with superior corrosion resistance to 304 stainless steels. A typical value of the K factor varies between . 20: Zinc-Plated: 0. 5 to 16. It also has variants with low carbon and high nitrogen. kg 10%0. Bending aluminium is even more complex, since aluminium is less ductile than steel. Hs = Static Suction Lift (m). 7 C). 7 W/(m K). The k-factor allows you to calculate the bend allowance, the outside setback, the bend deduction, and the flat layout of the precision part you’re forming. Bend Radii And K Factors For 304 Stainless Steel. D = pipe diameter [m] V = fluid velocity [m/s] g = gravitational constant [9. The centerline of the sprinkler waterway is located 7/16 in. 4 Btu/ft·h·°F at 212 °F), yield. 20 Ecoguard. K-Factor is the ratio of the neutral axis to the material thickness. 3. units by 10. Thermal conductivity for stainless steel is 17 W/(m K) (from the table above). Land Angle: Positive. 4(30) for smooth wall semi-rigid tubing, in Table 402. Max PSI. VK338, VK339 - Microfast QR Stainless Steel Sprinklers (K5. Mark a fold line exactly in the center. The reason being that it takes the wear rate, the applied load, and the hardness of the wear pin into account. Temperature Range. They are classified into martensitic, austenitic, and ferritic steels based on their crystalline structure. 62-Rubber (60 A Belt) Rubber (60 A Belt) . 9 Bare Steel; DIN 7984-A2 Stainless Steel; Keys. 5% chromium. AISI 301 Stainless Steel (UNS S30100) AISI 301 stainless steel (UNS S30100) is the most susceptible to cold deformation strengthening among conventional austenitic stainless steels. The deduction is 1. From the part’s edge, dimples. 93 1. 3 in. It is the thermal resistance of unit area of a material. Click here for a Gauge to mm Conversion Chart . 4 Btu/ft·h·°F at 212 °F), yield. Therefore, the potential energy is smaller by a factor of 10. ASME. 6% max), copper (). 69) in which yi and xi stand for the mole fractions of component i. 10 ±10% (Actual Value Printed on Each Package) Gage Factor Tolerance Per Package 1. Multiple escutcheon options allow up to 1/2-inch (12,7-mm. The letter t denotes this rotation of the neutral axis in Figure 2. The friction coefficient - λ - can be calculated by the Colebrooke Equation : 1 / λ 1/2 = -2,0 log 10 [ (2,51 / (Re λ 1/2 )) + (k / d h ) / 3,72 ] (11) . Stainless Steel: Water: 120: 680: 1 Btu/ft 2 hr o F = 5. ASM Specialty Handbook - Stainless Steel - J. F = μkN F = μ k N. Figure 2: Diagram depicting the location of steel in an airplane. UN8 Thread Series Caution: Stainless steel fasteners tend to gall, especially with long run downs, prevailing torque fasteners, impactThis tool allows you to determine tonnage, internal radius, V-die opening and minimum flange. A = bend angle in degrees (the angle through which the material is bent)In this section, all available elevated temperature material test results on stainless steel alloys are analysed in order to obtain accurate strength reduction factors (k 0. R = inside bend radius. 0. Table 8: Sample Torque Calculation with varying K Factor. Defining the Neutral Axis To understand the k-factor,. In a part, click Insert > Sheet Metal > Bend Table > New. 7709. 0. The Y-factor is set at 0. This per-. 2. 0 K-factor (K115) varieties and three temperature ratings, including 280 F (137. Bend Radii And K Factors For 304 Stainless Steel. 2. Nominal K-Factor: 8. The inside depth of a dimple should be no more than the inside radius. Conductive heat transfer per unit area can be calculated as. Related DocumentsThe friction force is the force exerted by a surface when an object moves across it - or makes an effort to move across it. r = k / d h = (0. 6 and 8. 1 \text { mm} 2. . Just select a k factor according to your material from the table below. C. The SUS445 stainless steel contains small. units by 10. K Factor: 8. Approvals. For example, the percentage can be anything from 20% to 22% for 304 stainless steel but is often between 13% and 15% for H-series soft aluminium. A common name for 304 stainless is 18/8. 7. We use cookies to enhance your experience. 15 K = 0. I. To find the thermal resistance and overall heat transfer coefficient: Select the mode of heat transfer, conduction and convection (on both sides). NPT sprinkler joint should be obtained with a torque of Conductive Heat Transfer through a Stainless Steel Pot Wall with thickness 2 mm - temperature difference 80 o C. 2 bar (60 psi) maximum PRESSURE END CONNECTION 1/2" BSPT (1/2” NPT Optional) K-FACTOR K-42 Standard (K-2. Here we need to discuss: Non-Lubricated Bolts (a. 012". k = roughness of duct, pipe or tube surface (m, ft) There is a direct relationship between sheet metal bend allowance and the K-factor. Davis. 33 K factor 0. 88CO 2 eq. 10/19 schedule 40 steel pipes. When pressure is measured in kPa, divide the metric K-factor shown by 10. 5 Bar), the working pressure limit established by Victaulic for Vic-Press for Schedule 10S systems. You use a gauge table and bend table in one table. The Y-Factor is used, as far as I know, solely by PTC’s Pro-Engineer, now known as Creo Elements/Pro. 29CO 2 eq. R-values are additive. We multiply this factor by the material thickness to determine the distance the neutral axis shifted toward the inside radius during bending. 018: Gravitational Acceleration: 9. Globally, 304 accounts for more than 50% of stainless steel consumed. 316 Stainless Steel Offers excellent corrosion resistance, even more than 18-8 stainless steel. Stainless Steel 90 D: Gasket, Flange, Fastener as a System.